Tag: nginx

Here is quick reference that I created for myselft for creating local wordpress blog installation. Hope it helps you as well.

• Installation

Make sure you have following packages installed on your local machine

1. MySQL (Please see post How to install MySQL on Ubuntu)
2. NGINX (Please see post How to install nginx on Ubuntu)

Besides these, install following packages

sudo apt update
sudo apt install php php-curl php-gd php-mbstring php-xml php-xmlrpc php-soap php-intl php-zip
sudo apt install php-mysql
sudo apt install php-fpm

• Configure MySQL

Create user for wordpress

$mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE localwordpress DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
mysql> GRANT ALL ON localwordpress.* TO 'localwordpresssuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> exit;

• Download  WordPress.

curl -O https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar xzvf latest.tar.gz
cp wordpress/wp-config-sample.php wordpress/wp-config.php
mkdir wordpress/wp-content/upgrade
sudo cp -a wordpress  /var/www/wordpress1

After moving WordPress folder to required path, you need to change few folder permissions.

sudo chmod g+w /var/www/wordpress1/wp-content
sudo chmod -R g+w /var/www/wordpress1/wp-content/themes
sudo chmod -R g+w /var/www/wordpress1/wp-content/plugins
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/wordpress1

• Configure WordPress

Open wp-config.php file and make following changes

// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'localwordpress');

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'localwordpresssuser');

/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password_here');

/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'password');

/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');

/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');

Visit following link for generate AUTH KEY and other remaining fields

https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/

simply copy paste values displayed on above link  into config.php file at appropriate location. Here is the sample. (Please don’t copy paste below values into your installation)

define('AUTH_KEY',         'Johd+fp5c.esU?J26hZb8^6Gi GAL+^Abs-{k4%g0G4IEGVKlZ`|MEk4B;W++%s*');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  '_J}pBRjcek6f+wj*BNF}lPu-xNX$^.+`nIx|*kg-YjY+v)%Qi<J`pI?|zE/BIa<U');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    '2.T%wJpUwsSeZQV?K,R)7$u }yl]rfLt|.gg,uI.SP&U>u_7q+*uH2+Gy4}-AmYC');
define('NONCE_KEY',        '~^T R=oy/Ej`>q8&FP7rPM1vZ%;}*@oz7^b~~>>Clw{.LGYdbDjV$-t<U5/(&;M7');
define('AUTH_SALT',        'Nn?`[;?9=niA=Jun:ikXi(BR%%Y7MYVtMd+,a&_ZKQei3S ;Z8XteX{=f8~~=D~p');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'WCRf7Un/.BX9z~_4dt}!-k$<Y02mm=fKEvHo;5{]!s9=w/x/@9-,Q?ib-jMM#47/');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   '$~+K5U>rd3_B#+X*^G2hlBTnD:)W](rer%VMS #G8jJ^f(5Gr@.aF:6`hg~:OkS(');
define('NONCE_SALT',       'xdtH,{ir(-I5|/NIHaD^eFu.pKCIC-5!Gn`YBDq#?bRfhI5,-c,;?^^<6V%P04iD');

Also add FS_METHOD  after define ('WP_DEBUG', false); It should look as below

define('WP_DEBUG', false);
define('FS_METHOD', 'direct');

• Troubleshooting

I got error “Authentication is needed to run ‘/bin/cp’ as the super user” while saving wp-config.php file.

Its not a big deal. Simply go to terminal and run following commands

sudo chmod 777 projectname
sudo chown $USER -R projectname/

• Configure nginx

• You need to configure nginx so that typed url will direct to correct installation directory. Following is the sample code. You can copy this as is but make sure you change the server_name parameter to your domain name.Create following file in folder /etc/nginx/sites-available/. You name is as you with but for easy reference, add name of domain in the file name.

  
  server {
          listen 80 default_server;
          listen [::]:80 default_server;
  
          # SSL configuration
          #
          # listen 443 ssl default_server;
          # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
          #
          # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
          # See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
          #
          # Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
          # See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
          #
          # Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
          # Don't use them in a production server!
          #
          # include snippets/snakeoil.conf;
  
          root /var/www/fintrekking;
  
          # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
          #index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
          index index.php
  
          server_name _;
  
          location / {
                  # First attempt to serve request as file, then
                  # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
                  try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
          }
  
          # pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server
          #
          location ~ \.php$ {
                  include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
  
                  # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
                  fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
          #       # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
          #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
          }
          location /wp-admin/ {
                  index index.php;
                  try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$args;
          }
  
          # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
          # concurs with nginx's one
          #
          #location ~ /\.ht {
          #       deny all;
          #}
  }
  

  copy this file to sites-enabled folder using following command and restart nginx

  $sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/wordpress1.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
  $sudo nginx -t
  $sudo systemctl restart nginx

  Considering we need to access local installation on custom url, that url need to point to localhost. This needs to be changed in host file.

  sudo nano /etc/hosts
  127.0.1.1 localwordpress1.com

• Access your installation # localwordpress1.com

Hope this is helpful to you !